Madhusudan Dutta was born in a zamindar family of Jessore, Bengal on 25th January 1824. Educated in Hindu college, Madhusudan developed an affinity towards the western culture. To find solace he converted to Christianity. He was partially banned from the then Bengali society but that did not bother him much.

Madhusudan Dutta was the first Bengali poet who broke the restraints of the past lyrical traditions. He introduced sonnet and also used the exceptional blank verse style in Bengali poetry. Michael Madhusudan Dutta researched incessantly with diction and verse forms. Madhusudan opened a new epoch in Bengali poetry.
Dutta was known to his friends, was young at heart, carefree, everlastingly passionate but always insubordinate. The life of Madhusudan Datta was a disordered one. He faced deficiency, mistreatment and misinterpretation. Although he was a mastermind of a high order, he was an unpredictable persona. Madhusudan is an archetypal instance of one of Bengal’s scholar elite caught between custom and modernity. His early switch over to Christianity is pinpointing of his cross-cultural circumstance in life.

Extremely cultured and enormously prejudiced by his pouring high regard of the English poets like Thomas Moore, John Keats and George Byron and by other European writing. His absorption with the English poetry was so profound and his control over the English language so vast that his poems, though missing mellowness and depth, were published frequently in the Bengal Spectator, Literary

Gleaner, Calcutta Literary Gazette, Literary Blossom and Comet. Dutta went to Madras (now Chennai) in 1848 and became the English Teacher at the Madras Male Orphan Assylum School. In 1852 he was in employment as a teacher at the Madras University School section and gained reputation as a journalist.

Dutta came back to Calcutta in February 1856 almost in empty-handed. Here started the majority significant period of Dutta's fictional formation - he wrote a number of Bengali plays at this time - Sermistha, Kissen Cumari and Maya Kanan; farces like Ekei ki Boley Savyata, Booro Shaliker Gharhey Ro and a few Bengali or english conversion as well as the famous Bengali play called Nil Durpan etc. Though he was a Christian and intensely versed in English writing he never detached his link with Bengali. In particular his poetic genius sustained to be extremely overwhelmed by the Radha-Krishna stories.

The man, who revolutionised Bengali poetry with ‘Amitrakkhar Chanda’ and the first Bengali sonnets, was not only a poet but he also excelled as a dramatist and a journalist.  His first works were in English. Both ‘The Captive Lady’ and ‘Visions of the Past’ were written under the pen name Timothy Penpoem .For a brief time he acted as the editor of “The Hindu Patriot”. He composed plays such as ‘Sharmistha’, ‘Ekey Bole Savyata’, ‘Buro Shaliker Ghare Ro’, ‘Krishnakumari’ and ‘Padmabati’, all based on the prevailing Bengali culture and custom. In most of his plays, he criticised the absurdities present in the society. In the year 1861, he composed 3 of his greatest works, ‘Meghnadbadh Kabya’, ‘Brajangana’ and 'Beerangana’. 
  Michael Madhusudan Datta, though was a genius, was never really appreciated during his lifetime. He spent his last few years in midst of extreme poverty. Very few people came forward to help him out. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar stood beside him all through, even when he was in an acute financial crunch while staying in England. Michael died on 29th June 1873. It was only after his death, people found out what jewels he had framed in vernacular literature. 

The short epoch above which Dutta's fictional career was vigorous he breathed life in Bengali poetry. Bengali literature no doubt owes a great deal to this comet like revolutionary poet. What Vidyasagar is to the Indian societal modification Madhusadan is to the Indian Literature. He was a proper courier of the new dawn, the first glance of the Bengali, although Indian, revival. He confounded the old and ushered the new. He brought new originality - life - to Bengali writing.